US: dairy sector
This page contains data regarding key components of the United States dairy industry over a given time period.
The purpose of this report is two-fold:
- on the one hand, it highlights the complexity of the industry, which should be considered from several viewpoints:
the commodities area, the variety of dairy derivatives, imports, exports and domestic consumption; - on the other hand, it exemplifies the framework of a market that equates large domestic consumption figures (supported by import volumes) to large production figures.
Latest climate weekly reports about precipitations and temperatures.
Total Precipitation: level of rainfall;
Temperature anomalies: variation compared to historical mean temperature;
Min Temperature: minimum temperature;
Max Temperature: maximum temperature;
US: DAIRY SECTOR | ||||||||||
x 1.000 ton | ||||||||||
RAW MATERIAL AREA | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2023 | 2024 | % | Period | ||
Farms ('000) | 1.993 | 1.960 | 1.901 | 1.897 | ||||||
Number of cows ('000 head) | 9.442 | 9.386 | 9.405 | 9.349 | 8.922 | 8.873 | -0,5% | Jan 2024 | ||
Cow's milk production | 101.292 | 102.646 | 102.702 | 102.678 | 8.758 | 8.659 | -1,1% | Jan 2024 | ||
± % Over the same period of the previous year | +1,3% | +0,1% | 0,0% | |||||||
Farm-gate milk price € x 100 Kg ** | 35,00 | 34,59 | 53,13 | 41,76 | 47,29 | 40,64 | -14,1% | Jan 2024 | ||
± % Over the same period of the previous year | -1,2% | +53,6% | -21,4% | |||||||
Corn price (North West Iowa, IA) (€\Ton) | 116,8 | 194,4 | 267,0 | 214,1 | 253,8 | 156,1 (p) | -38,5% | Jan-Mar 2024 | ||
Soybeans price (Western Illinois, IL) (€\Ton) | 320,0 | 450,1 | 571,4 | 506,8 | 544,4 | 423,4 (p) | -22,2% | Jan-Mar 2024 | ||
DAIRY PRODUCTION | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2023 | 2024 | % | Period | ||
Liquid milk | 21.031 | 20.190 | ||||||||
Butter | 973 | 936 | 934 | 958 | 91 | 97 | +6,4% | Jan 2024 | ||
Cream Sour | 663 | 677 | 678 | 684 | 57 | 58 | +2,1% | Jan 2024 | ||
Cheese | 6.005 | 6.242 | 6.379 | 6.393 | 547 | 540 | -1,2% | Jan 2024 | ||
Italian Mozzarella | 2.016 | 2.040 | 2.099 | 2.098 | 178 | 178 | +0,0% | Jan 2024 | ||
Cheddar | 1.737 | 1.801 | 1.798 | 1.806 | 161 | 148 | -7,9% | Jan 2024 | ||
Americal Colby & Jack & Monterey | 685 | 746 | 760 | 785 | 66 | 66 | +0,2% | Jan 2024 | ||
Cream & Neufchatel | 459 | 465 | 513 | 510 | 43 | 45 | +3,9% | Jan 2024 | ||
Italian Parmesan & Similar | 190 | 220 | 224 | 220 | 20 | 20 | +2,9% | Jan 2024 | ||
Italian Provolone & Similar | 166 | 172 | 174 | 168 | 13 | 14 | +7,0% | Jan 2024 | ||
Hispanic | 157 | 160 | 175 | 188 | 14 | 17 | +24,9% | Jan 2024 | ||
Swiss | 147 | 150 | 159 | 152 | 14 | 13 | -5,2% | Jan 2024 | ||
Italian Ricotta & Similar | 115 | 114 | 112 | 112 | 11 | 10 | -3,4% | Jan 2024 | ||
Muenster | 85 | 87 | 87 | |||||||
Feta | 62 | 77 | 64 | 67 | 4,6 | 5,1 | +11,4% | Jan 2024 | ||
Blue e Gorgonzola | 33 | 40 | 42 | 38 | 2,9 | 3,0 | +4,3% | Jan 2024 | ||
Italian Romano & Similar | 25 | 31 | 26 | 22 | 1,7 | 2,0 | +14,1% | Jan 2024 | ||
Gouda | 20 | 26 | 28 | 28 | 2,2 | 2,1 | -4,3% | Jan 2024 | ||
Brick | 0,7 | 0,9 | 0,7 | |||||||
Altri formaggi | 107 | 114 | 117 | 110 | 8,9 | 8,9 | -0,5% | Jan- 2024 | ||
Cottage Cream | 165 | 154 | 156 | 171 | 13 | 15 | +13,7% | Jan 2024 | ||
Cottage Curd | 172 | 163 | 164 | 180 | 14 | 15 | +7,9% | Jan 2024 | ||
Cottage Lowfat | 140 | 138 | 133 | 150 | 12 | 13 | +12,3% | Jan 2024 | ||
WMP (whole milk powder) | 63 | 67 | 62 | 50 | 4,2 | 4,5 | +5,7% | Jan 2024 | ||
NDM (skimmed milk powder) | 885 | 929 | 893 | 853 | 79 | 63 | -20,4% | Jan 2024 | ||
SMP (skimmed milk powder) | 315 | 317 | 298 | 252 | 20 | 26 | +27,7% | Jan 2024 | ||
Whey powder | 435 | 405 | 415 | 421 | 35 | 35 | +1,7% | Jan 2024 | ||
Condensed milk (Whole and Skimmed Canned Milk) | 262 | 249 | 253 | |||||||
Lactose | 508 | 509 | 504 | 499 | 40 | 41 | +2,1% | Jan 2024 | ||
WPC (Whey Protein Concentrate) | 217 | 210 | 205 | 224 | 19 | 19 | +1,9% | Jan 2024 | ||
WPI 90 (Whey Protein Isolated) | 51 | 59 | 59 | 54 | 4,0 | 6,2 | +54,5% | Jan 2024 | ||
Yogurt | 2.046 | 2.152 | 2.097 | 2.154 | 178 | 177 | -0,2% | Jan 2024 | ||
Frozen Yogurt (Mio Litri) | 133 | 153 | 173 | 173 | 13 | 13 | -3,9% | Jan 2024 | ||
Ice cream, regular, hard (Mio Litri) | 2.903 | 2.726 | 2.751 | 2.706 | 200 | 188 | -6,3% | Jan 2024 | ||
Ice cream lowfat, total (Mio Litri) | 1.752 | 1.808 | 1.690 | 1.591 | 110 | 100 | -8,6% | Jan 2024 | ||
Ice cream, lowfat, hard (Mio Litri) | 949 | 865 | 828 | 841 | 59 | 49 | -17,0% | Jan 2024 | ||
Ice cream, lowfat, soft (Mio Litri) | 803 | 943 | 861 | 750 | 51 | 51 | +1,2% | Jan 2024 | ||
Ice cream, nonfat, hard (Mio Litri) | 21 | 25 | 28 | 31 | 1,9 | 2,0 | +2,0% | Jan 2024 | ||
EXPORT | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2023 | 2024 | % | Period | ||
Bulk and pack. milk (HS 040110+040120) |
|
106 | 120 | 120 | 102 | 10 | 7,6 | -24,7% | Jan 2024 | |
Cream (HS 040130+040140+040150) |
|
24 | 26 | 28 | 37 | 2,2 | 2,8 | +27,5% | Jan 2024 | |
Condensed milk (HS 040291+040299) |
|
11 | 16 | 20 | 22 | 1,3 | 1,2 | -6,1% | Jan 2024 | |
Butter (HS 0405) |
|
27 | 57 | 82 | 37 | 4,3 | 3,0 | -31,3% | Jan 2024 | |
of which: | ||||||||||
Anhydrous Milk Fat (HS 040590) |
|
5,1 | 13 | 16 | 6,1 | 0,9 | 0,6 | -27,9% | Jan 2024 | |
Cheese (HS 0406) |
|
358 | 404 | 454 | 438 | 34 | 38 | +12,6% | Jan 2024 | |
SMP (skimmed milk powder - HS 040210) |
|
816 | 880 | 837 | 810 | 68 | 59 | -14,0% | Jan 2024 | |
WMP (whole milk powder - HS 040221+040229) |
|
39 | 39 | 39 | 26 | 1,1 | 1,2 | +6,3% | Jan 2024 | |
Whey powder (HS 0404) |
|
546 | 592 | 663 | 534 | 43 | 41 | -3,7% | Jan 2024 | |
of which: | ||||||||||
Sweet dairy Whey (12% protein) e WPC (HS 040410) |
|
504 | 551 | 615 | 490 | 40 | 38 | -4,6% | Jan 2024 | |
Casein (HS 350110) |
|
1,9 | 1,8 | 2,1 | 1,1 | 0,1 | 0,4 | +152,1% | Jan 2024 | |
Caseinates (HS 350190) |
|
1,6 | 2,1 | 2,5 | 2,6 | 0,2 | 0,3 | +30,0% | Jan 2024 | |
Lactose pharmaceutical (HS 170211) |
|
304 | 322 | 413 | 436 | 35 | 35 | -1,4% | Jan 2024 | |
Lactose edible (HS 170299) |
|
75 | 69 | 40 | 37 | 3,0 | 2,2 | -27,8% | Jan 2024 | |
Infant milk formula (HS 190110) |
|
32 | 28 | 29 | 28 | 1,8 | 1,9 | +0,4% | Jan 2024 | |
Yogurt e latticello (HS 0403) |
|
37 | 41 | 41 | 48 | 3,7 | 4,4 | +20,6% | Jan 2024 | |
Fat-Filled Milk Powder (FFMP) (HS 190190) |
|
173 | 162 | 176 | 178 | 17 | 11 | -33,4% | Jan 2024 | |
Whey Protein Isolate (WPI) (HS 350220) |
|
59 | 65 | 65 | 76 | 4,6 | 5,8 | +24,6% | Jan 2024 | |
IMPORT | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2023 | 2024 | % | Period | ||
Bulk and pack. milk (HS 040110+040120) |
|
33 | 35 | 26 | 24 | 2,3 | 2,0 | -9,1% | Jan 2024 | |
Cream (HS 040130+040140+040150) |
|
25 | 19 | 32 | 58 | 2,5 | 3,5 | +39,4% | Jan 2024 | |
Condensed milk (HS 040291+040299) |
|
26 | 23 | 37 | 37 | 3,1 | 4,6 | +48,2% | Jan 2024 | |
Butter (HS 0405) |
|
69 | 63 | 73 | 81 | 7,8 | 7,5 | -3,6% | Jan 2024 | |
of which: | ||||||||||
Anhydrous Milk Fat (HS 040590) |
|
27 | 14 | 21 | 19 | 3,2 | 1,5 | -53,2% | Jan 2024 | |
Cheese (HS 0406) |
|
165 | 188 | 189 | 194 | 14 | 14 | +1,6% | Jan 2024 | |
SMP (skimmed milk powder - HS 040210) |
|
0,7 | 0,4 | 0,6 | 0,8 | 0,0 | 0,0 | >1000% | Jan 2024 | |
WMP (whole milk powder - HS 040221+040229) |
|
23 | 12 | 16 | 14 | 1,4 | 1,2 | -13,5% | Jan 2024 | |
Whey powder (HS 0404) |
|
84 | 84 | 79 | 81 | 7,5 | 6,9 | -7,6% | Jan 2024 | |
of which: | ||||||||||
Sweet dairy Whey (12% protein) e WPC (HS 040410) |
|
41 | 44 | 44 | 44 | 4,4 | 3,8 | -12,7% | Jan 2024 | |
Casein (HS 350110) |
|
46 | 53 | 81 | 51 | 10 | 5,5 | -48,0% | Jan 2024 | |
Caseinates (HS 350190) |
|
21 | 22 | 24 | 31 | 3,5 | 2,0 | -43,3% | Jan 2024 | |
Lactose pharmaceutical (HS 170211) |
|
2,7 | 2,9 | 3,2 | 3,3 | 0,4 | 0,1 | -66,4% | Jan 2024 | |
Lactose edible (HS 170299) |
|
0,5 | 0,4 | 0,5 | 0,8 | 0,0 | 0,0 | -85,6% | Jan 2024 | |
Infant milk formula (HS 190110) |
|
9,3 | 17 | 42 | 40 | 2,1 | 8,0 | +276,3% | Jan 2024 | |
Yogurt e latticello (HS 0403) |
|
25 | 27 | 35 | 41 | 3,6 | 3,8 | +5,5% | Jan 2024 | |
Fat-Filled Milk Powder (FFMP) (HS 190190) |
|
195 | 230 | 255 | 252 | 22 | 21 | -4,4% | Jan 2024 | |
Whey Protein Isolate (WPI) (HS 350220) |
|
8,5 | 14 | 11 | 9,9 | 0,7 | 1,6 | +126,7% | Jan 2024 | |
STOCK (al 31 December) | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2023 | 2024 | % | Period | ||
Butter | 124 | 90 | 98 | 91 | 120 | 113 | -5,8% | Jan 2024 | ||
Cheese (no fresh cheese) | 633 | 654 | 656 | 654 | 656 | 660 | +0,5% | Jan 2024 | ||
SMP Human Use | 131 | 115 | 116 | 92 | 123 | 96 | -21,5% | Jan 2024 | ||
SMP Animal Use | 3,9 | 2,7 | 3,7 | 2,9 | 3,2 | 1,5 | -53,5% | Jan 2024 | ||
WMP (Whole Milk Powder) | 7,7 | 11 | 6,9 | 5,9 | 7,3 | 5,4 | -25,8% | Jan 2024 | ||
Condensed milk (Whole and Skimmed Canned Milk) | 16 | 21 | 18 | |||||||
Whey Powder Human Use | 29 | 25 | 31 | 30 | 30 | 29 | -3,0% | Jan 2024 | ||
Whey Powder Animal Use | 0,3 | 0,3 | 0,6 | 1,8 | 1,5 | 2,0 | +31,2% | Jan 2024 | ||
WPC | 29 | 31 | 37 | 28 | 39 | 26 | -32,1% | Jan 2024 | ||
I° Classification | ||||||||||
- WPC Human Use | 28 | 30 | 37 | 27 | 39 | 26 | -32,8% | Jan 2024 | ||
- WPC Animal Use | 0,4 | 0,7 | 0,4 | 0,8 | 0,3 | 0,5 | +42,6% | Jan 2024 | ||
2° Classification | ||||||||||
- WPC 25-49.9% s.s. | 12 | 11 | 13 | 11 | 14 | 11 | -25,8% | Jan 2024 | ||
- WPC 50-89.9% s.s. | 16 | 21 | 24 | 16 | 25 | 16 | -35,8% | Jan 2024 | ||
Lactose | 56 | 76 | 78 | 48 | 75 | 47 | -37,2% | Jan 2024 | ||
DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION (Source: FAS-USDA) | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2023 | 2024(f) | % | Period | ||
Cheese | 5.745 | 5.964 | 6.055 | 6.106 | 6.106 | 6.231 | +2,0% | Jan-Dec 2024 | Butter | 978 | 981 | 924 | 1.004 | 1.004 | 1.009 | +0,5% | Jan-Dec 2024 | SMP | 384 | 374 | 366 | 324 | 324 | 391 | +20,7% | Jan-Dec 2024 | WMP | 34 | 33 | 40 | 33 | 33 | 25 | -24,2% | Jan-Dec 2024 |
PER CAPITA CONSUMPTIONS (kg) | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2023 | 2024(f) | % | Period | ||
Cheese | 17,10 | 17,70 | 17,90 | 17,96 | ||||||
Butter | 2,91 | 2,91 | 2,73 | 2,95 | ||||||
SMP | 1,14 | 1,11 | 1,08 | 0,95 | ||||||
WMP | 0,10 | 0,10 | 0,12 | 0,10 | ||||||
% Self-sufficiency | 100,1% | 100,1% | 100,1% | 100,1% | ||||||
SOCIO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2023 | 2024(f) | % | Period | ||
GDP (gross domestic product) | -2,21% | 5,80% | 1,94% | 2,53% | 2,53% | 2,30% | Jan-Dic 2024 | |||
CPI (consumer price index) | 1,23% | 4,70% | 8,00% | 4,12% | 4,12% | 2,70% | Jan-Dic 2024 | |||
Population ('000) | 335.942 | 336.998 | 338.290 | 339.997 | ||||||
GDP per capita (U.S. dollars) | 63.577 | 70.160 | 76.343 (e) | 80.412 (e) | ||||||
GDP per capita (€) * | 55.625 | 59.320 | 72.497(e) | 74.367(e) | ||||||
* Per capita GDP in Euro is calculated by using the yearly average exchange rate
(p): partial data
(f): forecast
** Fluid Grade
NOTE:Per capita consumptions are obtained dividing total consumption (Source FAS-USDA ) by the population (Source FAO)
METRIC CONVERSION FACTORS | ||||
1 Hectare = 2.4710 Acres; 1 Kilogram = 2.2046 Pounds | ||||
1 Metric Ton | := | Domestic Unit | * | Factor |
Wheat & Soybeans | := | bushels | * | 0.027216 |
Rice | := | cwt | * | 0.045359 |
Rapeseed & Sunflowerseed | := | cwt | * | 0.045359 |
Corn, Sorghum & Rye | := | bushels | * | 0.025401 |
Barley | := | bushels | * | 0.021772 |
Oats | := | bushels | * | 0.014515 |
Sugar | := | short tons | * | 0.907185 |
Cotton | := | 480-lb bales | * | 0.217720 |
UK cwt: in UK CWT is "long hundred weight" (long is equivalent to gross) = 112 lbs, that equals to 50.8024 Kg. USA cwt : in USA CWT is "short hundred weight" (short is equivalent to net)=100 lbs, that equals to 45.3592 Kg. |
Source:
Raw material area: USDA, ERS; Cow's milk production: National Agricultural Statistics Service
Dairy production: National Agricultural Statistics Service and USDA
Export and Import: Census Bureau
Consumption: FAS-USDA
GDP and CPI: Intesa Sanpaolo
GDP per capita: International Monetary Found
Population: FAO
Note: Self-sufficiency rate = Milk deliveries/(Domestic use in milk equivalent ME)
Domestic use in milk equivalent (ME) = Milk deliveries + Import in ME - Export in ME
The Self-sufficiency rate does not consider the trade of FFMP (fat-filled milk powder) - HS 190190 and the infant milk formula.
Last update: 2024-03-13
US: Export on Production | |||||
Product | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | Jan 2024 | Jan-Jan 2024 |
Butter | 6,1% | 8,8% | 3,9% | 3,0% | 3,0% |
Cheese | 6,5% | 7,1% | 6,8% | 7,1% | 7,1% |
WMP | 58,4% | 62,8% | 52,4% | 26,7% | 26,7% |
SMP | 92,2% | 91,1% | 92,2% | 65,9% | 65,9% |
Whey | 118,6% | 136,3% | 100,7% | 53,3% | 53,3% |
Lactose | 76,8% | 89,8% | 94,9% | 90,1% | 90,1% |
SMP: SMP+NDM Production, SMP (040210) Export Code
Whey: Whey + WPC (25% - 50%) Production, Whey (0404) Export Code
Lactose: Lactose Production, Lactose edible + pharmaceutical (170211+170219) Export Code