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US: dairy sector
This page contains data regarding key components of the United States dairy industry over a given time period.
The purpose of this report is two-fold:
- on the one hand, it highlights the complexity of the industry, which should be considered from several viewpoints:
the commodities area, the variety of dairy derivatives, imports, exports and domestic consumption; - on the other hand, it exemplifies the framework of a market that equates large domestic consumption figures (supported by import volumes) to large production figures.
| US: DAIRY SECTOR | ||||||||||
| x 1.000 ton | ||||||||||
| RAW MATERIAL AREA | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2018 | 2019 | % | Period | ||
| Farms ('000) | 2.064 | 2.055 | 2.042 | 2.029 | ||||||
| Number of cows ('000 head) | 9.315 | 9.341 | 9.419 | 9.358 | 8.853 | 8.805 | -0,5% | Jan-Dec 2019 | ||
| Cow's milk production | 94.619 | 96.346 | 97.762 | 98.688 | 98.688 | 99.057 | +0,4% | Jan-Dec 2019 | ||
| ± % Over the same period of the previous year | +1,8% | +1,5% | +0,9% | |||||||
| Farm-gate milk price € x 100 Kg ** | 33,99 | 32,41 | 34,52 | 30,41 | 30,41 | 36,66 | +20,5% | Jan-Dec 2019 | ||
| ± % Over the same period of the previous year | -4,7% | +6,5% | -11,9% | |||||||
| DAIRY PRODUCTION | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2018 | 2019 | % | Period | ||
| Liquid milk | 22.697 | 22.543 | 22.058 | Yogurt (plain and flavoured) | 2.107 | 2.022 | 2.031 | 1.990 | Fresh cheese (Curd, Lowfat and Creamed Cottage Cheese) | 490 | 501 | 483 | 498 | Condensed milk (Whole and Skimmed Canned Milk) | 225 | 215 | 176 | 194 |
| Butter | 839 | 834 | 838 | 858 | 858 | 864 | +0,8% | Jan-Dec 2019 | Cheese | 5.367 | 5.526 | 5.733 | 5.908 | 5.908 | 5.952 | +0,7% | Jan-Dec 2019 | WMP (whole milk powder) | 49 | 45 | 56 | 65 | 65 | 70 | +6,7% | Jan-Dec 2019 | NDM (skimmed milk powder) | 827 | 795 | 832 | 804 | 804 | 837 | +4,1% | Jan-Dec 2019 | SMP (skimmed milk powder) | 202 | 254 | 240 | 257 | 257 | 235 | -8,5% | Jan-Dec 2019 | Whey powder | 443 | 433 | 470 | 453 | 453 | 442 | -2,5% | Jan-Dec 2019 | Lactose | 476 | 498 | 510 | 525 | 525 | 556 | +5,8% | Jan-Dec 2019 | WPC (Whey Protein Concentrate) | 224 | 212 | 222 | 233 | 233 | 222 | -4,8% | Jan-Dec 2019 |
| EXPORT | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2018 | 2019 | % | Period | ||
| Bulk and pack. milk (HS 040110+040120) |
|
89 | 74 | 91 | 91 | 106 | +16,2% | Jan-Dec 2019 | ||
| Cream (HS 040130+040140+040150) |
|
9,5 | 28 | 31 | 24 | 24 | 25 | +3,4% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Condensed milk (HS 040291+040299) |
|
21 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 18 | +4,3% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Butter (HS 0405) |
|
26 | 29 | 34 | 52 | 52 | 33 | -36,7% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| of which: | ||||||||||
| Anhydrous Milk Fat (HS 040590) |
|
6,1 | 11 | 10 | 24 | 24 | 11 | -54,3% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Cheese (HS 0406) |
|
318 | 289 | 342 | 350 | 350 | 363 | +3,5% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| SMP (skimmed milk powder - HS 040210) |
|
558 | 594 | 608 | 715 | 715 | 704 | -1,5% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| WMP (whole milk powder - HS 040221+040229) |
|
34 | 32 | 27 | 48 | 48 | 39 | -18,5% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Whey powder (HS 0404) |
|
441 | 493 | 540 | 541 | 541 | 439 | -18,8% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| of which: | ||||||||||
| Sweet dairy Whey (12% protein) e WPC (HS 040410) |
|
410 | 471 | 517 | 508 | 508 | 404 | -20,3% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Casein (HS 350110) |
|
0,8 | 1,9 | 1,3 | 1,9 | 1,9 | 1,9 | +1,2% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Caseinates (HS 350190) |
|
2,8 | 2,4 | 1,9 | 2,0 | 2,0 | 1,5 | -24,8% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Lactose pharmaceutical (HS 170211) |
|
236 | 263 | 270 | 306 | 306 | 294 | -3,9% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Lactose edible (HS 170299) |
|
124 | 99 | 92 | 87 | 87 | 85 | -2,3% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Infant milk formula (HS 190110) |
|
34 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 34 | 34 | +1,0% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Yogurt e latticello (HS 0403) |
|
15 | 15 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 17 | +3,2% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Fat-Filled Milk Powder (FFMP) (HS 190190) |
|
194 | 181 | 195 | 169 | 169 | 169 | +0,0% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Whey Protein Isolate (WPI) (HS 350220) |
|
37 | 35 | 36 | 43 | 43 | 48 | +10,3% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| IMPORT | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2018 | 2019 | % | Period | ||
| Bulk and pack. milk (HS 040110+040120) |
|
4,1 | 8,4 | 7,9 | 7,9 | 12 | +45,0% | Jan-Dec 2019 | ||
| Cream (HS 040130+040140+040150) |
|
6,9 | 9,7 | 14 | 27 | 27 | 18 | -33,4% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Condensed milk (HS 040291+040299) |
|
30 | 32 | 34 | 37 | 37 | 30 | -19,5% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Butter (HS 0405) |
|
41 | 47 | 44 | 58 | 58 | 68 | +16,6% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| of which: | ||||||||||
| Anhydrous Milk Fat (HS 040590) |
|
17 | 19 | 13 | 20 | 20 | 23 | +17,0% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Cheese (HS 0406) |
|
200 | 205 | 183 | 176 | 176 | 181 | +2,7% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| SMP (skimmed milk powder - HS 040210) |
|
2,7 | 0,6 | 1,3 | 1,2 | 1,2 | 0,5 | -56,0% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| WMP (whole milk powder - HS 040221+040229) |
|
12 | 17 | 22 | 8,8 | 8,8 | 14 | +62,2% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Whey powder (HS 0404) |
|
74 | 77 | 85 | 86 | 86 | 91 | +5,5% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| of which: | ||||||||||
| Sweet dairy Whey (12% protein) e WPC (HS 040410) |
|
28 | 33 | 43 | 47 | 47 | 48 | +0,7% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Casein (HS 350110) |
|
60 | 56 | 50 | 46 | 46 | 49 | +6,7% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Caseinates (HS 350190) |
|
25 | 24 | 24 | 20 | 20 | 20 | -1,6% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Lactose pharmaceutical (HS 170211) |
|
5,1 | 3,6 | 3,2 | 2,3 | 2,3 | 3,2 | +35,3% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Lactose edible (HS 170299) |
|
0,6 | 0,2 | 0,7 | 0,4 | 0,4 | 0,3 | -22,8% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Infant milk formula (HS 190110) |
|
3,2 | 3,7 | 5,9 | 6,0 | 6,0 | 3,3 | -44,4% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Yogurt e latticello (HS 0403) |
|
5,8 | 12 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 26 | +53,2% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Fat-Filled Milk Powder (FFMP) (HS 190190) |
|
124 | 136 | 144 | 162 | 162 | 183 | +13,3% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| Whey Protein Isolate (WPI) (HS 350220) |
|
9,5 | 13 | 8,4 | 12 | 12 | 14 | +14,9% | Jan-Dec 2019 | |
| STOCK (al 31 December) | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2018 | 2019 | % | Period | ||
| Butter | 70 | 75 | 77 | 81 | 81 | 86 | +5,9% | Dec 2019 | ||
| Cheese (no fresh cheese) | 520 | 544 | 581 | 610 | 610 | 597 | -2,2% | Dec 2019 | ||
| SMP Human Use | 93 | 102 | 145 | 125 | 125 | 113 | -10,2% | Dec 2019 | ||
| SMP Animal Use | 0,7 | 0,9 | 0,8 | 7,3 | 7,3 | 5,7 | -21,6% | Dec 2019 | ||
| WMP (Whole Milk Powder) | 5,2 | 6,1 | 14 | 7,1 | 7,1 | 5,5 | -22,2% | Dec 2019 | ||
| Condensed milk (Whole and Skimmed Canned Milk) | 20 | 19 | 17 | 19 | ||||||
| Whey Powder Human Use | 32 | 29 | 44 | 32 | 32 | 32 | +2,1% | Dec 2019 | ||
| Whey Powder Animal Use | 1,0 | 0,8 | 0,8 | 0,4 | 0,4 | 0,4 | -7,2% | Dec 2019 | ||
| WPC | 33 | 28 | 38 | 30 | 30 | 31 | +3,9% | Dec 2019 | ||
| I° Classification | ||||||||||
| - WPC Human Use | 33 | 28 | 38 | 29 | 29 | 30 | +4,7% | Dec 2019 | ||
| - WPC Animal Use | 0,4 | 0,3 | 0,3 | 0,5 | 0,5 | 0,3 | -43,3% | Dec 2019 | ||
| 2° Classification | ||||||||||
| - WPC 25-49.9% s.s. | 12 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 12 | +5,5% | Dec 2019 | ||
| - WPC 50-89.9% s.s. | 21 | 18 | 27 | 18 | 18 | 19 | +2,9% | Dec 2019 | ||
| Lactose | 47 | 50 | 61 | 48 | 48 | 51 | +5,6% | Dec 2019 | ||
| DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION (Source: FAS-USDA) | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2018 | 2019 | % | Period | ||
| Cheese | 5.149 | 5.379 | 5.494 | 5.668 | 5.668 | 5.744 | +1,3% | Jan-Dec 2019 | Butter | 832 | 849 | 848 | 864 | 864 | 902 | +4,4% | Jan-Dec 2019 | SMP | 489 | 447 | 425 | 371 | 371 | 409 | +10,2% | Jan-Dec 2019 | WMP | 49 | 40 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 69 | +35,3% | Jan-Dec 2019 |
| PER CAPITA CONSUMPTIONS (kg) | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2018 | 2019 | % | Period | ||
| Cheese | 16,09 | 16,70 | 16,93 | 17,35 | ||||||
| Butter | 2,60 | 2,64 | 2,61 | 2,64 | ||||||
| SMP | 1,53 | 1,39 | 1,31 | 1,14 | ||||||
| WMP | 0,15 | 0,12 | 0,16 | 0,16 | ||||||
| % Self-sufficiency | 108,2% | 108,1% | 108,8% | 110,6% | 110,4% | Jan-Dec 2019 | ||||
| SOCIO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2018 | 2019(f) | % | Period | ||
| GDP (gross domestic product) | 2,91% | 1,64% | 2,37% | 2,93% | 2,33% | Jan-Dic 2019 | ||||
| CPI (consumer price index) | 0,12% | 1,26% | 2,13% | 2,44% | 1,81% | Jan-Dic 2019 | ||||
| Population ('000) | 319.929 | 322.180 | 324.459 | 326.767 | ||||||
| GDP per capita (U.S. dollars) | 55.837 (e) | 58.436 (e) | 61.134 (e) | 63.676 (e) | ||||||
| GDP per capita (€) * | 50.326(e) | 52.793(e) | 54.116(e) | 53.919(e) | ||||||
(e) estimated
* Per capita GDP in Euro is calculated by using the yearly average exchange rate
(f): forecast
** Fluid Grade
NOTE:Per capita consumptions are obtained dividing total consumption (Source FAS-USDA ) by the population (Source FAO)
Source:
Raw material area: USDA, ERS; Cow's milk production: National Agricultural Statistics Service
Dairy production: National Agricultural Statistics Service and USDA
Export and Import: Census Bureau
Consumption: FAS-USDA
GDP and CPI: Intesa Sanpaolo
GDP per capita: International Monetary Found
Population: FAO
Note: Self-sufficiency rate = Milk deliveries/(Domestic use in milk equivalent ME)
Domestic use in milk equivalent (ME) = Milk deliveries + Import in ME - Export in ME
The Self-sufficiency rate does not consider the trade of FFMP (fat-filled milk powder) - HS 190190 and the infant milk formula.
Last update: 2020-02-25
* Per capita GDP in Euro is calculated by using the yearly average exchange rate
(f): forecast
** Fluid Grade
NOTE:Per capita consumptions are obtained dividing total consumption (Source FAS-USDA ) by the population (Source FAO)
Vedi Metric Conversion Factors
| METRIC CONVERSION FACTORS | ||||
| 1 Hectare = 2.4710 Acres; 1 Kilogram = 2.2046 Pounds | ||||
| 1 Metric Ton | := | Domestic Unit | * | Factor |
| Wheat & Soybeans | := | bushels | * | 0.027216 |
| Rice | := | cwt | * | 0.045359 |
| Rapeseed & Sunflowerseed | := | cwt | * | 0.045359 |
| Corn, Sorghum & Rye | := | bushels | * | 0.025401 |
| Barley | := | bushels | * | 0.021772 |
| Oats | := | bushels | * | 0.014515 |
| Sugar | := | short tons | * | 0.907185 |
| Cotton | := | 480-lb bales | * | 0.217720 |
|
UK cwt: in UK CWT is "long hundred weight" (long is equivalent to gross) = 112 lbs, that equals to 50.8024 Kg. USA cwt : in USA CWT is "short hundred weight" (short is equivalent to net)=100 lbs, that equals to 45.3592 Kg. |
||||
Source:
Raw material area: USDA, ERS; Cow's milk production: National Agricultural Statistics Service
Dairy production: National Agricultural Statistics Service and USDA
Export and Import: Census Bureau
Consumption: FAS-USDA
GDP and CPI: Intesa Sanpaolo
GDP per capita: International Monetary Found
Population: FAO
Note: Self-sufficiency rate = Milk deliveries/(Domestic use in milk equivalent ME)
Domestic use in milk equivalent (ME) = Milk deliveries + Import in ME - Export in ME
The Self-sufficiency rate does not consider the trade of FFMP (fat-filled milk powder) - HS 190190 and the infant milk formula.
Last update: 2020-02-25
| US: Export on Production | |||||
| Product | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | Dec 2019 | Jan-Dec 2019 |
| Butter | 3,5% | 4,1% | 6,0% | 3,0% | 3,8% |
| Cheese | 5,2% | 6,0% | 5,9% | 5,2% | 6,1% |
| WMP | 71,3% | 49,3% | 74,2% | 130,0% | 56,7% |
| SMP | 57,7% | 56,9% | 68,8% | 70,9% | 65,7% |
| Whey | 54,2% | 58,0% | 56,6% | 49,5% | 47,2% |
| Lactose | 72,6% | 71,1% | 74,8% | 70,2% | 68,2% |
NOTE:
SMP: SMP+NDM Production, SMP (040210) Export Code
Whey: Whey + WPC (25% - 50%) Production, Whey (0404) Export Code
Lactose: Lactose Production, Lactose edible + pharmaceutical (170211+170219) Export Code
SMP: SMP+NDM Production, SMP (040210) Export Code
Whey: Whey + WPC (25% - 50%) Production, Whey (0404) Export Code
Lactose: Lactose Production, Lactose edible + pharmaceutical (170211+170219) Export Code