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US: dairy sector
This page contains data regarding key components of the United States dairy industry over a given time period.
The purpose of this report is two-fold:
- on the one hand, it highlights the complexity of the industry, which should be considered from several viewpoints:
the commodities area, the variety of dairy derivatives, imports, exports and domestic consumption; - on the other hand, it exemplifies the framework of a market that equates large domestic consumption figures (supported by import volumes) to large production figures.
Latest climate weekly reports about precipitations and temperatures.
Total Precipitation: level of rainfall;
Temperature anomalies: variation compared to historical mean temperature;
Min Temperature: minimum temperature;
Max Temperature: maximum temperature;
Total Precipitation
Temperature anomalies
Min Temperature
Max Temperature
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| US: DAIRY SECTOR | ||||||||||
| x 1.000 ton | ||||||||||
| RAW MATERIAL AREA | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2021 | 2022 | % | Period | ||
| Farms ('000) | 2.029 | 2.023 | 2.019 | 2.012 | ||||||
| Number of cows ('000 head) | 9.358 | 9.347 | 9.434 | 9.381 | 9.381 | 9.408 | +0,3% | Jan-Dec 2022 | ||
| Cow's milk production | 98.688 | 99.084 | 101.292 | 102.630 | 102.630 | 102.794 | +0,2% | Jan-Dec 2022 | ||
| ± % Over the same period of the previous year | +0,4% | +2,2% | +1,3% | |||||||
| Farm-gate milk price € x 100 Kg ** | 30,41 | 36,76 | 35,00 | 34,59 | 33,89 | 53,78 | +58,7% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| ± % Over the same period of the previous year | +20,9% | -4,8% | -1,2% | |||||||
| Corn price (North West Iowa, IA) (€\Ton) | 109,6 | 130,3 | 116,8 | 194,4 | 194,4 | 267,0 | +37,4% | Jan-Dec 2022 | ||
| Soybeans price (Western Illinois, IL) (€\Ton) | 291,3 | 295,5 | 320,0 | 450,1 | 450,1 | 571,4 | +27,0% | Jan-Dec 2022 | ||
| DAIRY PRODUCTION | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2021 | 2022 | % | Period | ||
| Liquid milk | 21.425 | 21.054 | 21.031 | 20.190 | ||||||
| Butter | 893 | 905 | 973 | 940 | 858 | 848 | -1,2% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| Cream Sour | 636 | 646 | 663 | 678 | 616 | 620 | +0,6% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| Cheese | 5.914 | 5.959 | 6.005 | 6.217 | 5.684 | 5.781 | +1,7% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| of which: | ||||||||||
| Cheddar | 1.724 | 1.695 | 1.737 | 1.784 | 1.633 | 1.615 | -1,1% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| Mozzarella | 1.981 | 2.039 | 2.016 | 2.036 | 1.859 | 1.927 | +3,7% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| Cheddar american | 2.383 | 2.373 | 2.421 | 2.525 | 2.312 | 2.308 | -0,2% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| Cottage Cream | 160 | 162 | 165 | 154 | 141 | 142 | +0,8% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| Cottage Curd | 182 | 177 | 172 | 163 | 149 | 151 | +1,4% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| Cottage Lowfat | 155 | 149 | 140 | 138 | 127 | 125 | -1,8% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| WMP (whole milk powder) | 65 | 64 | 63 | 67 | 60 | 58 | -2,7% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| NDM (skimmed milk powder) | 806 | 840 | 885 | 918 | 842 | 815 | -3,2% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| SMP (skimmed milk powder) | 254 | 260 | 315 | 317 | 295 | 221 | -25,1% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| Whey powder | 453 | 443 | 435 | 424 | 389 | 397 | +2,0% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| Condensed milk (Whole and Skimmed Canned Milk) | 194 | 203 | 262 | 249 | ||||||
| Lactose | 525 | 556 | 508 | 522 | 475 | 490 | +3,0% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| WPC (Whey Protein Concentrate) | 233 | 223 | 217 | 231 | 210 | 220 | +5,2% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| WPI 90 (Whey Protein Isolated) | 55 | 54 | 51 | 59 | 54 | 60 | +12,4% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| Yogurt | 2.020 | 1.986 | 2.046 | 2.151 | 1.983 | 1.929 | -2,7% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| Frozen Yogurt (Mio Litri) | 208 | 215 | 133 | 176 | 161 | 164 | +2,0% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| Ice cream, regular, hard (Mio Litri) | 2.749 | 2.685 | 2.903 | 2.736 | 2.538 | 2.508 | -1,2% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| Ice cream lowfat, total (Mio Litri) | 1.742 | 1.794 | 1.752 | 1.744 | 1.635 | 1.507 | -7,9% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| of which: | ||||||||||
| Ice cream, lowfat, hard (Mio Litri) | 770 | 902 | 949 | 870 | 816 | 781 | -4,3% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| Ice cream, lowfat, soft (Mio Litri) | 971 | 892 | 803 | 874 | 819 | 726 | -11,4% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| Ice cream, nonfat, hard (Mio Litri) | 29 | 26 | 21 | 25 | 22 | 25 | +10,6% | Jan-Nov 2022 | ||
| EXPORT | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2021 | 2022 | % | Period | ||
| Bulk and pack. milk (HS 040110+040120) |
|
91 | 106 | 105 | 120 | 112 | 111 | -0,5% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Cream (HS 040130+040140+040150) |
|
24 | 25 | 24 | 26 | 24 | 26 | +8,0% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Condensed milk (HS 040291+040299) |
|
17 | 18 | 11 | 16 | 15 | 19 | +25,2% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Butter (HS 0405) |
|
52 | 29 | 27 | 58 | 53 | 78 | +47,3% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| of which: | ||||||||||
| Anhydrous Milk Fat (HS 040590) |
|
24 | 7,0 | 5,1 | 13 | 12 | 15 | +30,1% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Cheese (HS 0406) |
|
349 | 361 | 358 | 405 | 374 | 418 | +11,8% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| SMP (skimmed milk powder - HS 040210) |
|
715 | 704 | 816 | 882 | 824 | 767 | -6,9% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| WMP (whole milk powder - HS 040221+040229) |
|
48 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 35 | 35 | +0,9% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Whey powder (HS 0404) |
|
541 | 439 | 546 | 593 | 553 | 605 | +9,3% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| of which: | ||||||||||
| Sweet dairy Whey (12% protein) e WPC (HS 040410) |
|
508 | 404 | 504 | 552 | 515 | 562 | +8,9% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Casein (HS 350110) |
|
1,9 | 1,9 | 1,9 | 1,8 | 1,5 | 1,9 | +23,6% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Caseinates (HS 350190) |
|
2,0 | 1,5 | 1,6 | 2,1 | 1,9 | 2,3 | +16,2% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Lactose pharmaceutical (HS 170211) |
|
305 | 293 | 303 | 322 | 299 | 379 | +27,0% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Lactose edible (HS 170299) |
|
87 | 85 | 76 | 69 | 63 | 37 | -41,6% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Infant milk formula (HS 190110) |
|
34 | 34 | 32 | 28 | 26 | 27 | +4,8% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Yogurt e latticello (HS 0403) |
|
16 | 17 | 37 | 41 | 38 | 38 | -1,2% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Fat-Filled Milk Powder (FFMP) (HS 190190) |
|
167 | 163 | 177 | 162 | 149 | 167 | +11,8% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Whey Protein Isolate (WPI) (HS 350220) |
|
43 | 48 | 59 | 65 | 61 | 59 | -2,2% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| IMPORT | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2021 | 2022 | % | Period | ||
| Bulk and pack. milk (HS 040110+040120) |
|
7,9 | 12 | 33 | 35 | 32 | 24 | -25,0% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Cream (HS 040130+040140+040150) |
|
27 | 18 | 25 | 19 | 16 | 30 | +82,0% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Condensed milk (HS 040291+040299) |
|
37 | 30 | 26 | 23 | 20 | 35 | +74,3% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Butter (HS 0405) |
|
58 | 68 | 69 | 63 | 57 | 65 | +14,4% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| of which: | ||||||||||
| Anhydrous Milk Fat (HS 040590) |
|
20 | 24 | 27 | 14 | 13 | 19 | +43,8% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Cheese (HS 0406) |
|
176 | 181 | 165 | 188 | 173 | 175 | +0,7% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| SMP (skimmed milk powder - HS 040210) |
|
1,2 | 0,5 | 0,7 | 0,4 | 0,4 | 0,6 | +65,9% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| WMP (whole milk powder - HS 040221+040229) |
|
8,8 | 14 | 23 | 12 | 11 | 14 | +28,7% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Whey powder (HS 0404) |
|
86 | 91 | 84 | 84 | 78 | 71 | -9,0% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| of which: | ||||||||||
| Sweet dairy Whey (12% protein) e WPC (HS 040410) |
|
47 | 48 | 41 | 44 | 39 | 39 | +0,8% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Casein (HS 350110) |
|
46 | 49 | 46 | 53 | 49 | 66 | +36,4% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Caseinates (HS 350190) |
|
20 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 21 | 22 | +5,7% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Lactose pharmaceutical (HS 170211) |
|
2,3 | 3,2 | 2,7 | 2,9 | 2,8 | 2,9 | +5,7% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Lactose edible (HS 170299) |
|
0,4 | 0,3 | 0,5 | 0,4 | 0,4 | 0,5 | +34,7% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Infant milk formula (HS 190110) |
|
6,0 | 3,3 | 9,4 | 17 | 15 | 38 | +157,7% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Yogurt e latticello (HS 0403) |
|
17 | 26 | 25 | 27 | 25 | 32 | +28,8% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Fat-Filled Milk Powder (FFMP) (HS 190190) |
|
155 | 181 | 199 | 230 | 210 | 234 | +11,6% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| Whey Protein Isolate (WPI) (HS 350220) |
|
13 | 14 | 8,5 | 14 | 13 | 10 | -17,7% | Jan-Nov 2022 | |
| STOCK (al 31 December) | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2021 | 2022 | % | Period | ||
| Butter | 81 | 86 | 124 | 90 | 90 | 98 | +8,7% | Dec 2022 | ||
| Cheese (no fresh cheese) | 610 | 600 | 633 | 654 | 657 | 657 | -0,0% | Oct 2022 | ||
| SMP Human Use | 125 | 112 | 131 | 115 | 103 | 116 | +12,9% | Nov 2022 | ||
| SMP Animal Use | 7,3 | 5,7 | 3,9 | 2,7 | 3,5 | 3,3 | -5,5% | Nov 2022 | ||
| WMP (Whole Milk Powder) | 7,1 | 5,5 | 7,7 | 11 | 8,2 | 6,5 | -20,3% | Nov 2022 | ||
| Condensed milk (Whole and Skimmed Canned Milk) | 19 | 16 | 16 | 21 | ||||||
| Whey Powder Human Use | 32 | 32 | 29 | 26 | 26 | 32 | +23,7% | Nov 2022 | ||
| Whey Powder Animal Use | 0,4 | 0,4 | 0,3 | 0,3 | 0,8 | 0,6 | -29,7% | Nov 2022 | ||
| WPC | 30 | 30 | 29 | 32 | 31 | 35 | +11,8% | Nov 2022 | ||
| I° Classification | ||||||||||
| - WPC Human Use | 29 | 30 | 28 | 31 | 31 | 35 | +12,6% | Nov 2022 | ||
| - WPC Animal Use | 0,5 | 0,3 | 0,4 | 0,7 | 0,6 | 0,5 | -26,6% | Nov 2022 | ||
| 2° Classification | ||||||||||
| - WPC 25-49.9% s.s. | 11 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 12 | +9,1% | Nov 2022 | ||
| - WPC 50-89.9% s.s. | 18 | 18 | 16 | 21 | 21 | 23 | +13,2% | Nov 2022 | ||
| Lactose | 48 | 50 | 56 | 74 | 68 | 77 | +13,1% | Nov 2022 | ||
| DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION (Source: FAS-USDA) | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2021 | 2022 | % | Period | ||
| Cheese | 5.675 | 5.751 | 5.745 | 5.939 | 5.939 | 6.029 | +1,5% | Jan-Dec 2022 | Butter | 898 | 940 | 978 | 985 | 985 | 935 | -5,1% | Jan-Dec 2022 | SMP | 369 | 422 | 384 | 363 | 363 | 326 | -10,2% | Jan-Dec 2022 | WMP | 31 | 36 | 34 | 34 | 34 | 61 | +79,4% | Jan-Dec 2022 |
| PER CAPITA CONSUMPTIONS (kg) | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2021 | 2022 | % | Period | ||
| Cheese | 17,09 | 17,20 | 17,10 | 17,62 | ||||||
| Butter | 2,70 | 2,81 | 2,91 | 2,92 | ||||||
| SMP | 1,11 | 1,26 | 1,14 | 1,08 | ||||||
| WMP | 0,09 | 0,11 | 0,10 | 0,10 | ||||||
| % Self-sufficiency | 100,1% | 100,1% | 100,1% | 100,1% | ||||||
| SOCIO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2021 | 2022(f) | % | Period | ||
| GDP (gross domestic product) | 2,95% | 2,29% | -2,77% | 5,95% | 5,95% | 1,99% | Jan-Dic 2022 | |||
| CPI (consumer price index) | 2,44% | 1,81% | 1,23% | 4,70% | 4,70% | 8,03% | Jan-Dic 2022 | |||
| Population ('000) | 332.140 | 334.320 | 335.942 | 336.998 | ||||||
| GDP per capita (U.S. dollars) | 62.770 | 65.052 | 63.079 | 69.231 (e) | ||||||
| GDP per capita (€) * | 53.152 | 58.106 | 55.189 | 58.535(e) | ||||||
(e) estimated
* Per capita GDP in Euro is calculated by using the yearly average exchange rate
(p): partial data
(f): forecast
** Fluid Grade
NOTE:Per capita consumptions are obtained dividing total consumption (Source FAS-USDA ) by the population (Source FAO)
Source:
Raw material area: USDA, ERS; Cow's milk production: National Agricultural Statistics Service
Dairy production: National Agricultural Statistics Service and USDA
Export and Import: Census Bureau
Consumption: FAS-USDA
GDP and CPI: Intesa Sanpaolo
GDP per capita: International Monetary Found
Population: FAO
Note: Self-sufficiency rate = Milk deliveries/(Domestic use in milk equivalent ME)
Domestic use in milk equivalent (ME) = Milk deliveries + Import in ME - Export in ME
The Self-sufficiency rate does not consider the trade of FFMP (fat-filled milk powder) - HS 190190 and the infant milk formula.
Last update: 2023-01-26
* Per capita GDP in Euro is calculated by using the yearly average exchange rate
(p): partial data
(f): forecast
** Fluid Grade
NOTE:Per capita consumptions are obtained dividing total consumption (Source FAS-USDA ) by the population (Source FAO)
Vedi Metric Conversion Factors
| METRIC CONVERSION FACTORS | ||||
| 1 Hectare = 2.4710 Acres; 1 Kilogram = 2.2046 Pounds | ||||
| 1 Metric Ton | := | Domestic Unit | * | Factor |
| Wheat & Soybeans | := | bushels | * | 0.027216 |
| Rice | := | cwt | * | 0.045359 |
| Rapeseed & Sunflowerseed | := | cwt | * | 0.045359 |
| Corn, Sorghum & Rye | := | bushels | * | 0.025401 |
| Barley | := | bushels | * | 0.021772 |
| Oats | := | bushels | * | 0.014515 |
| Sugar | := | short tons | * | 0.907185 |
| Cotton | := | 480-lb bales | * | 0.217720 |
|
UK cwt: in UK CWT is "long hundred weight" (long is equivalent to gross) = 112 lbs, that equals to 50.8024 Kg. USA cwt : in USA CWT is "short hundred weight" (short is equivalent to net)=100 lbs, that equals to 45.3592 Kg. |
||||
Source:
Raw material area: USDA, ERS; Cow's milk production: National Agricultural Statistics Service
Dairy production: National Agricultural Statistics Service and USDA
Export and Import: Census Bureau
Consumption: FAS-USDA
GDP and CPI: Intesa Sanpaolo
GDP per capita: International Monetary Found
Population: FAO
Note: Self-sufficiency rate = Milk deliveries/(Domestic use in milk equivalent ME)
Domestic use in milk equivalent (ME) = Milk deliveries + Import in ME - Export in ME
The Self-sufficiency rate does not consider the trade of FFMP (fat-filled milk powder) - HS 190190 and the infant milk formula.
Last update: 2023-01-26
| US: Export on Production | |||||
| Product | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | Nov 2022 | Jan-Nov 2022 |
| Butter | 3,2% | 2,8% | 6,1% | 12,3% | 9,2% |
| Cheese | 6,1% | 6,0% | 6,5% | 7,3% | 7,2% |
| WMP | 61,7% | 61,6% | 58,4% | 61,5% | 61,0% |
| SMP | 66,4% | 73,8% | 77,5% | 79,5% | 74,1% |
| Whey | 49,4% | 62,4% | 65,4% | 67,2% | 68,5% |
| Lactose | 68,0% | 74,5% | 74,9% | 92,3% | 85,0% |
NOTE:
SMP: SMP+NDM Production, SMP (040210) Export Code
Whey: Whey + WPC (25% - 50%) Production, Whey (0404) Export Code
Lactose: Lactose Production, Lactose edible + pharmaceutical (170211+170219) Export Code
SMP: SMP+NDM Production, SMP (040210) Export Code
Whey: Whey + WPC (25% - 50%) Production, Whey (0404) Export Code
Lactose: Lactose Production, Lactose edible + pharmaceutical (170211+170219) Export Code