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US: dairy sector

This page contains data regarding key components of the United States dairy industry over a given time period.

The purpose of this report is two-fold:

  • on the one hand, it highlights the complexity of the industry, which should be considered from several viewpoints:
    the commodities area, the variety of dairy derivatives, imports, exports and domestic consumption;

  • on the other hand, it exemplifies the framework of a market that equates large domestic consumption figures (supported by import volumes) to large production figures.

US: DAIRY SECTOR
  x 1.000 ton
RAW MATERIAL AREA 2020 2021 2022 2023 2023 2024 % Period
Farms ('000) 1.993 1.960 1.901 1.897
Number of cows ('000 head) 9.442 9.386 9.405 9.349 8.922 8.873 -0,5% Jan 2024
Cow's milk production 101.292 102.646 102.702 102.678 8.758 8.659 -1,1% Jan 2024
± % Over the same period of the previous year +1,3% +0,1% 0,0%
Farm-gate milk price € x 100 Kg ** 35,00 34,59 53,13 41,76 47,29 40,64 -14,1% Jan 2024
± % Over the same period of the previous year -1,2% +53,6% -21,4%
Corn price (North West Iowa, IA) (€\Ton) 116,8 194,4 267,0 214,1 253,8 156,1 (p) -38,5% Jan-Mar 2024
Soybeans price (Western Illinois, IL) (€\Ton) 320,0 450,1 571,4 506,8 544,4 423,4 (p) -22,2% Jan-Mar 2024
DAIRY PRODUCTION 2020 2021 2022 2023 2023 2024 % Period
Liquid milk 21.031 20.190
Butter 973 936 934 958 91 97 +6,4% Jan 2024
Cream Sour 663 677 678 684 57 58 +2,1% Jan 2024
Cheese 6.005 6.242 6.379 6.393 547 540 -1,2% Jan 2024
Italian Mozzarella 2.016 2.040 2.099 2.098 178 178 +0,0% Jan 2024
Cheddar 1.737 1.801 1.798 1.806 161 148 -7,9% Jan 2024
Americal Colby & Jack & Monterey 685 746 760 785 66 66 +0,2% Jan 2024
Cream & Neufchatel 459 465 513 510 43 45 +3,9% Jan 2024
Italian Parmesan & Similar 190 220 224 220 20 20 +2,9% Jan 2024
Italian Provolone & Similar 166 172 174 168 13 14 +7,0% Jan 2024
Hispanic 157 160 175 188 14 17 +24,9% Jan 2024
Swiss 147 150 159 152 14 13 -5,2% Jan 2024
Italian Ricotta & Similar 115 114 112 112 11 10 -3,4% Jan 2024
Muenster 85 87 87
Feta 62 77 64 67 4,6 5,1 +11,4% Jan 2024
Blue e Gorgonzola 33 40 42 38 2,9 3,0 +4,3% Jan 2024
Italian Romano & Similar 25 31 26 22 1,7 2,0 +14,1% Jan 2024
Gouda 20 26 28 28 2,2 2,1 -4,3% Jan 2024
Brick 0,7 0,9 0,7
Altri formaggi 107 114 117 110 8,9 8,9 -0,5% Jan- 2024
Cottage Cream 165 154 156 171 13 15 +13,7% Jan 2024
Cottage Curd 172 163 164 180 14 15 +7,9% Jan 2024
Cottage Lowfat 140 138 133 150 12 13 +12,3% Jan 2024
WMP (whole milk powder) 63 67 62 50 4,2 4,5 +5,7% Jan 2024
NDM (skimmed milk powder) 885 929 893 853 79 63 -20,4% Jan 2024
SMP (skimmed milk powder) 315 317 298 252 20 26 +27,7% Jan 2024
Whey powder 435 405 415 421 35 35 +1,7% Jan 2024
Condensed milk (Whole and Skimmed Canned Milk) 262 249 253
Lactose 508 509 504 499 40 41 +2,1% Jan 2024
WPC (Whey Protein Concentrate) 217 210 205 224 19 19 +1,9% Jan 2024
WPI 90 (Whey Protein Isolated) 51 59 59 54 4,0 6,2 +54,5% Jan 2024
Yogurt 2.046 2.152 2.097 2.154 178 177 -0,2% Jan 2024
Frozen Yogurt (Mio Litri) 133 153 173 173 13 13 -3,9% Jan 2024
Ice cream, regular, hard (Mio Litri) 2.903 2.726 2.751 2.706 200 188 -6,3% Jan 2024
Ice cream lowfat, total (Mio Litri) 1.752 1.808 1.690 1.591 110 100 -8,6% Jan 2024
Ice cream, lowfat, hard (Mio Litri) 949 865 828 841 59 49 -17,0% Jan 2024
Ice cream, lowfat, soft (Mio Litri) 803 943 861 750 51 51 +1,2% Jan 2024
Ice cream, nonfat, hard (Mio Litri) 21 25 28 31 1,9 2,0 +2,0% Jan 2024
EXPORT 2020 2021 2022 2023 2023 2024 % Period
Bulk and pack. milk (HS 040110+040120)
TOP importers
106 120 120 102 10 7,6 -24,7% Jan 2024
Cream (HS 040130+040140+040150)
TOP importers
24 26 28 37 2,2 2,8 +27,5% Jan 2024
Condensed milk (HS 040291+040299)
TOP importers
11 16 20 22 1,3 1,2 -6,1% Jan 2024
Butter (HS 0405)
TOP importers
27 57 82 37 4,3 3,0 -31,3% Jan 2024
of which:
Anhydrous Milk Fat (HS 040590)
TOP importers
5,1 13 16 6,1 0,9 0,6 -27,9% Jan 2024
Cheese (HS 0406)
TOP importers
358 404 454 438 34 38 +12,6% Jan 2024
SMP (skimmed milk powder - HS 040210)
TOP importers
816 880 837 810 68 59 -14,0% Jan 2024
WMP (whole milk powder - HS 040221+040229)
TOP importers
39 39 39 26 1,1 1,2 +6,3% Jan 2024
Whey powder (HS 0404)
TOP importers
546 592 663 534 43 41 -3,7% Jan 2024
of which:
Sweet dairy Whey (12% protein) e WPC (HS 040410)
TOP importers
504 551 615 490 40 38 -4,6% Jan 2024
Casein (HS 350110)
TOP importers
1,9 1,8 2,1 1,1 0,1 0,4 +152,1% Jan 2024
Caseinates (HS 350190)
TOP importers
1,6 2,1 2,5 2,6 0,2 0,3 +30,0% Jan 2024
Lactose pharmaceutical (HS 170211)
TOP importers
304 322 413 436 35 35 -1,4% Jan 2024
Lactose edible (HS 170299)
TOP importers
75 69 40 37 3,0 2,2 -27,8% Jan 2024
Infant milk formula (HS 190110)
TOP importers
32 28 29 28 1,8 1,9 +0,4% Jan 2024
Yogurt e latticello (HS 0403)
TOP importers
37 41 41 48 3,7 4,4 +20,6% Jan 2024
Fat-Filled Milk Powder (FFMP) (HS 190190)
TOP importers
173 162 176 178 17 11 -33,4% Jan 2024
Whey Protein Isolate (WPI) (HS 350220)
TOP importers
59 65 65 76 4,6 5,8 +24,6% Jan 2024
IMPORT 2020 2021 2022 2023 2023 2024 % Period
Bulk and pack. milk (HS 040110+040120)
TOP exporters
33 35 26 24 2,3 2,0 -9,1% Jan 2024
Cream (HS 040130+040140+040150)
TOP exporters
25 19 32 58 2,5 3,5 +39,4% Jan 2024
Condensed milk (HS 040291+040299)
TOP exporters
26 23 37 37 3,1 4,6 +48,2% Jan 2024
Butter (HS 0405)
TOP exporters
69 63 73 81 7,8 7,5 -3,6% Jan 2024
of which:
Anhydrous Milk Fat (HS 040590)
TOP exporters
27 14 21 19 3,2 1,5 -53,2% Jan 2024
Cheese (HS 0406)
TOP exporters
165 188 189 194 14 14 +1,6% Jan 2024
SMP (skimmed milk powder - HS 040210)
TOP exporters
0,7 0,4 0,6 0,8 0,0 0,0 >1000% Jan 2024
WMP (whole milk powder - HS 040221+040229)
TOP exporters
23 12 16 14 1,4 1,2 -13,5% Jan 2024
Whey powder (HS 0404)
TOP exporters
84 84 79 81 7,5 6,9 -7,6% Jan 2024
of which:
Sweet dairy Whey (12% protein) e WPC (HS 040410)
TOP exporters
41 44 44 44 4,4 3,8 -12,7% Jan 2024
Casein (HS 350110)
TOP exporters
46 53 81 51 10 5,5 -48,0% Jan 2024
Caseinates (HS 350190)
TOP exporters
21 22 24 31 3,5 2,0 -43,3% Jan 2024
Lactose pharmaceutical (HS 170211)
TOP exporters
2,7 2,9 3,2 3,3 0,4 0,1 -66,4% Jan 2024
Lactose edible (HS 170299)
TOP exporters
0,5 0,4 0,5 0,8 0,0 0,0 -85,6% Jan 2024
Infant milk formula (HS 190110)
TOP exporters
9,3 17 42 40 2,1 8,0 +276,3% Jan 2024
Yogurt e latticello (HS 0403)
TOP exporters
25 27 35 41 3,6 3,8 +5,5% Jan 2024
Fat-Filled Milk Powder (FFMP) (HS 190190)
TOP exporters
195 230 255 252 22 21 -4,4% Jan 2024
Whey Protein Isolate (WPI) (HS 350220)
TOP exporters
8,5 14 11 9,9 0,7 1,6 +126,7% Jan 2024
STOCK (al 31 December) 2020 2021 2022 2023 2023 2024 % Period
Butter 124 90 98 91 120 113 -5,8% Jan 2024
Cheese (no fresh cheese) 633 654 656 654 656 660 +0,5% Jan 2024
SMP Human Use 131 115 116 92 123 96 -21,5% Jan 2024
SMP Animal Use 3,9 2,7 3,7 2,9 3,2 1,5 -53,5% Jan 2024
WMP (Whole Milk Powder) 7,7 11 6,9 5,9 7,3 5,4 -25,8% Jan 2024
Condensed milk (Whole and Skimmed Canned Milk) 16 21 18
Whey Powder Human Use 29 25 31 30 30 29 -3,0% Jan 2024
Whey Powder Animal Use 0,3 0,3 0,6 1,8 1,5 2,0 +31,2% Jan 2024
WPC 29 31 37 28 39 26 -32,1% Jan 2024
I° Classification
- WPC Human Use 28 30 37 27 39 26 -32,8% Jan 2024
- WPC Animal Use 0,4 0,7 0,4 0,8 0,3 0,5 +42,6% Jan 2024
2° Classification
- WPC 25-49.9% s.s. 12 11 13 11 14 11 -25,8% Jan 2024
- WPC 50-89.9% s.s. 16 21 24 16 25 16 -35,8% Jan 2024
Lactose 56 76 78 48 75 47 -37,2% Jan 2024
DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION (Source: FAS-USDA) 2020 2021 2022 2023 2023 2024(f) % Period
Cheese 5.745 5.964 6.055 6.106 6.106 6.231 +2,0% Jan-Dec 2024
Butter 978 981 924 1.004 1.004 1.009 +0,5% Jan-Dec 2024
SMP 384 374 366 324 324 391 +20,7% Jan-Dec 2024
WMP 34 33 40 33 33 25 -24,2% Jan-Dec 2024
PER CAPITA CONSUMPTIONS (kg) 2020 2021 2022 2023 2023 2024(f) % Period
Cheese 17,10 17,70 17,90 17,96
Butter 2,91 2,91 2,73 2,95
SMP 1,14 1,11 1,08 0,95
WMP 0,10 0,10 0,12 0,10
% Self-sufficiency 100,1% 100,1% 100,1% 100,1%
SOCIO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS 2020 2021 2022 2023 2023 2024(f) % Period
GDP (gross domestic product) -2,21% 5,80% 1,94% 2,53% 2,53% 2,30% Jan-Dic 2024
CPI (consumer price index) 1,23% 4,70% 8,00% 4,12% 4,12% 2,70% Jan-Dic 2024
Population ('000) 335.942 336.998 338.290 339.997
GDP per capita (U.S. dollars) 63.577 70.160 76.343 (e) 80.412 (e)
GDP per capita (€) * 55.625 59.320 72.497(e) 74.367(e)
(e) estimated
* Per capita GDP in Euro is calculated by using the yearly average exchange rate
(p): partial data
(f): forecast
** Fluid Grade
NOTE:Per capita consumptions are obtained dividing total consumption (Source FAS-USDA ) by the population (Source FAO)

Vedi Metric Conversion Factors
METRIC CONVERSION FACTORS
1 Hectare = 2.4710 Acres; 1 Kilogram = 2.2046 Pounds
1 Metric Ton:=Domestic Unit*Factor
Wheat & Soybeans:=bushels*0.027216
Rice:=cwt*0.045359
Rapeseed & Sunflowerseed:=cwt*0.045359
Corn, Sorghum & Rye:=bushels*0.025401
Barley:=bushels*0.021772
Oats:=bushels*0.014515
Sugar:=short tons*0.907185
Cotton:=480-lb bales*0.217720
UK cwt: in UK CWT is "long hundred weight" (long is equivalent to gross) = 112 lbs, that equals to 50.8024 Kg.
USA cwt : in USA CWT is "short hundred weight" (short is equivalent to net)=100 lbs, that equals to 45.3592 Kg.

Source:
Raw material area: USDA, ERS; Cow's milk production: National Agricultural Statistics Service
Dairy production: National Agricultural Statistics Service and USDA
Export and Import: Census Bureau
Consumption: FAS-USDA
GDP and CPI: Intesa Sanpaolo
GDP per capita: International Monetary Found
Population: FAO
Note: Self-sufficiency rate = Milk deliveries/(Domestic use in milk equivalent ME)
Domestic use in milk equivalent (ME) = Milk deliveries + Import in ME - Export in ME
The Self-sufficiency rate does not consider the trade of FFMP (fat-filled milk powder) - HS 190190 and the infant milk formula.

Last update: 2024-03-13
US: Export on Production
Product 2021 2022 2023 Jan 2024 Jan-Jan 2024
Butter 6,1% 8,8% 3,9% 3,0% 3,0%
Cheese 6,5% 7,1% 6,8% 7,1% 7,1%
WMP 58,4% 62,8% 52,4% 26,7% 26,7%
SMP 92,2% 91,1% 92,2% 65,9% 65,9%
Whey 118,6% 136,3% 100,7% 53,3% 53,3%
Lactose 76,8% 89,8% 94,9% 90,1% 90,1%
NOTE:
SMP
: SMP+NDM Production, SMP (040210) Export Code
Whey: Whey + WPC (25% - 50%) Production, Whey (0404) Export Code
Lactose: Lactose Production, Lactose edible + pharmaceutical (170211+170219) Export Code
NOTE: Access to World Dairy Trade, which also contains the processing of Import / Export of the United States with MONTHLY UPDATES, is reserved for Supporters of CLAL.it